首页
关于我们
企业简介
企业文化
企业荣誉
企业资质
管理团队
我们优势
新闻中心
科建新闻
行业动态
政策法规
服务项目
白蚁综合治理
新建房屋白蚁预防
病媒生物防控
消毒防疫
其他有害生物防控
药物器械
工程案例
虫害百科
白蚁
鼠
蚊子
蟑螂
蝇
红火蚁
其它害虫
搜索
名称
描述
内容
免费热线:400-668-0268
020-
8
4198700 84183832
研究所下属企业 高新技术企业
行业标准和地方标准主编单位
虫控百科
白蚁
鼠
蚊子
蟑螂
蝇
红火蚁
其它害虫
药物/器械
7
蜱
其它害虫
市场价:
0.00
价格:
0.00
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 24px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蜱是蜱螨目蜱总科的通称,又分为硬蜱科和软蜱科。国内已知的蜱有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">120</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">余种,其中硬蜱科</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">110</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">多种,软蜱科</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">10</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">余种。蜱的各期均营寄生生活,是哺乳类、爬行类、两栖类、鸟类等的体表专性寄生虫。有一些蜱可分泌毒素致寄主(人、畜)瘫痪,或通过吸血在动物间传播各种病原体或传播给人,如森林脑炎、新疆出血热、蜱传回归热、莱姆病等,是多种自然疫源性疾病的重要媒介。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 37px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px;">1</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px;">、蜱的形态特征</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蜱虫体椭圆形,未吸血时背腹扁平,背部略隆起。蜱的大小差异很大,一般的体长约</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">10mm</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">,吸血后最长可达</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">30mm</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">。体壁革质具伸缩性,背面有时具有骨化的盾板。气门一对位于第</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">对足基节附近。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">)硬蜱</span></strong><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">硬蜱的颚体位于躯体前端,从背面可见。鄂体由假头基和口器组成。假头基鄂体与躯体相连接的部位,为界限明显的几丁质区,背面形状呈矩形、三角形、六角形或梯形。口器由</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">对须肢、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">对螯肢和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">个口下板构成,须肢的主要功能为感觉,螯肢用于切割和刺入宿主皮肤,口下板有倒齿,吸血时可以起到固定的作用。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">硬蜱的躯体呈袋状,两侧对称,大多数呈褐色。雄蜱背面盾板覆盖整个背面,而雌蜱的盾板小,仅占背板的小部分。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center; text-indent: 32px;"><img title="1582953132237293.jpg" alt="蜱.jpg" src="https://www.gdkejian.com/Uploads/image/20200229/1582953132237293.jpg" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;"/></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">图</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">全沟硬蜱</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">)软蜱</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">颚体位于躯体腹面,从背面看不见。假头基较小,一般为方形,雌蜱的假头基背面无孔区。口下板不强,倒齿不发达。须肢各节活动很灵活。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">躯体背面无盾板,表皮有颗粒状小疣,皱纹状或盘状凹陷。雌雄性从外观上较难区分。成虫、若虫第</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">足间有基节腺开口,基节腺的分泌物具有调节血淋巴水分和电解质的作用,有些蜱可通过基节腺的分泌物传播病原体。</span><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> </span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> </span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><img width="468" height="354" title="1582953322552672.png" alt="image.png" src="https://www.gdkejian.com/Uploads/image/20200229/1582953322552672.png" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;"/> </span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center; text-indent: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">软蜱成虫</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> </span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> </span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">硬蜱与软蜱的主要区别</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><img src="https://www.gdkejian.com/WebUser/ueditor/themes/default/images/spacer.gif" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;"/></p><table><tbody style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><tr class="firstRow" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><td width="142" valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-color: windowtext;"><br/></td><td width="198" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-left: medium none currentcolor; border-top-color: windowtext; border-right-color: windowtext; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-image: none 100% / 1 / 0 stretch;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">硬</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">蜱</span></p></td><td width="200" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-left: medium none currentcolor; border-top-color: windowtext; border-right-color: windowtext; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-image: none 100% / 1 / 0 stretch;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">软</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">蜱</span></p></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><td width="48" rowspan="3" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-left-color: windowtext; border-image: none 100% / 1 / 0 stretch;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">颚体</span></p></td><td width="94" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">位置</span></p></td><td width="198" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大而突出于躯体前端,从背面可见</span></p></td><td width="200" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">小而隐藏于腹面,从背面不易见</span></p></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><td width="94" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">假头基背面</span></p></td><td width="198" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">有</span>1<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对孔区</span></p></td><td width="200" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">无孔区</span></p></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><td width="94" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">须肢</span></p></td><td width="198" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">粗短,各节运动不灵活</span> </p></td><td width="200" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">较长,各节运动很灵活</span></p></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><td width="48" rowspan="3" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-left-color: windowtext; border-image: none 100% / 1 / 0 stretch;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">躯体</span></p></td><td width="94" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">盾板</span></p></td><td width="198" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">有,雄性盾板大,雌性盾板小</span></p></td><td width="200" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">无</span></p></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><td width="94" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">基节腺</span></p></td><td width="198" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">退化或不发达</span></p></td><td width="200" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发达</span></p></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><td width="94" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">气门</span></p></td><td width="198" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">位于第</span>4<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">足基节后方,气门板明显</span></p></td><td width="200" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">位于第</span>3<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">—</span>4<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">足基节之间,气门板小而不全</span></p></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><td width="142" valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-left-color: windowtext; border-image: none 100% / 1 / 0 stretch;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">雌雄区别</span></p></td><td width="198" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">很明显。雄性体小盾板大,遮盖整个躯体背面,雌性体大盾板小,仅遮盖背部前面</span></p></td><td width="200" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 7px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; border-top: medium none currentcolor; border-right-color: windowtext;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不明显</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><img src="https://www.gdkejian.com/WebUser/ueditor/themes/default/images/spacer.gif" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;"/></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 37px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px;"><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"/></span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 37px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px;">2</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px;">、生活史</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px;"> </span></strong><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蜱为不完全变态,发育过程分为卵、幼虫、若虫和成虫</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">个时期。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">卵呈球形或橄榄形,约</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">0.5</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1.0mm</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">,色淡黄至棕黄色,半透明,状如胶囊,略具黏性,成堆聚于一处。卵期</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">20-40</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">天。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 24px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">幼虫形似成虫,体小,足</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">对,幼虫很活跃。在宿主体上吸血后落至地面,爬入缝隙中,蜕皮为若虫。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">若虫有足</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">对,硬蜱若虫仅</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">期,吸血后在地面蜕皮为成虫。而软蜱若虫有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">6</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">个龄期,且每次都要吸血、蜕皮,最后化为成虫。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">硬蜱完成一代生活史所需时间因种类及气候条件而存在较大的差别,从</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">个月至</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">年不等。多数软蜱则需时半年至两年。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蜱的交配大多在宿主身体上吸血时进行,雌虫吸饱血后落地,栖息于草木根部、畜舍等处,数日后产卵于土表层缝隙内。硬蜱一生只产卵一次,数天内连续产卵直到产毕,产卵量二百至数千。软蜱多在鼠洞、墙缝等处产卵,一生可多次产卵,每次几十至几百个,总数可达千个。硬蜱寿命从</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">个月至数十个月不等。软蜱寿命可以长达五、六年甚至二十年以上。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 37px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px;">3</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px;">、生态习性</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">)宿主和更换宿主的类型</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蜱幼虫、若虫和成虫均营寄生生活,宿主类型多种多样,包括许多陆生哺乳类、鸟类、爬行类、两栖类动物等,其中有的种类可袭击人。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蜱对宿主的专性程度因种类而异,多数种类的蜱宿主范围比较广泛。成蜱大多侵袭大型哺乳动物,而幼虫与若虫则以侵袭啮齿类、食虫类、鸟类等小型动物为主。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">在蜱的生活史中存在更换宿主的现象,更换宿主的次数因蜱的种类和自然条件而异。根据更换宿主的次数我们可将蜱分为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">种类型。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 40px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">单宿主蜱。发育各期都在一个宿主体上,雌虫饱血后落地产卵,如微小牛蜱。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">二宿主蜱。幼虫与若虫在同一宿主体上吸血,后者饱血后离开宿主,蜕变为成虫后寻觅新宿主,如残缘璃眼蜱。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 36px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">三宿主蜱。幼虫、若虫、成虫分别在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">个宿主体上吸血寄生,如全沟硬蜱、草原革蜱。大部分硬蜱为三宿主蜱,蜱媒疾病的媒介也多属于此类。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">多宿主蜱。幼虫、各龄若虫和成虫及雌虫每次产卵前都需寻找宿主吸血,每次饱血后离去,需要多次更换宿主。软蜱多为多宿主蜱。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蜱的耐饥力很强,如遇不到宿主,幼虫可以生存一个月以上,若虫可生存半年以上,成虫生存可达</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">l</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">年以上。少数软蜱耐饥力特强,如乳突钝缘蜱,其若虫耐饥长达</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">14</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">年。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">)孳生环境</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蜱大多生活在野外人烟稀少的地方,具体环境因种类的不同而有所差别,一般来说,蜱的孳生环境需要具备适宜的温湿度条件和较充足的供血宿主。有的蜱生活在牧场及其周围的畜舍,例如边缘革蜱;有的蜱出现于灌木丛和林间草地,如全沟硬蜱;钝缘蜱属则生活于荒漠草原的野兽洞穴和家畜棚舍等地方。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">)吸血</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蜱的幼虫、若虫和雌雄成虫都吸血。蜱的嗅觉十分敏感,尤其对宿主的汗水和二氧化碳,与宿主相距</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">15m</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">时即可感知,它们常常爬到草尖、枝头、木桩或墙壁等地方等待宿主的到来,一旦宿主接近就跌落或爬到宿主身上。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">硬蜱多在白天袭击宿主,吸血时间较长,吸血时间</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2-15</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">天不等。软蜱多在夜间侵袭宿主,每次的吸血时间大多较短,幼虫为几分钟到数天不等,若虫和成虫多为半小时至一小时。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蜱的吸血量大,吸血后体积可膨胀几倍、几十倍,雌性硬蜱甚至可膨胀百倍以上。蜱的吸血部位有明显的选择性,一般在皮肤较薄、不易被搔到的部位,如全沟硬蜱多寄生在人的颈部、耳后、腋窝、大腿内侧、腹股沟和阴部等处,草原革蜱寄生于绵羊时多在耳朵、颈部和臀部。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">4</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">)活动与扩散</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蜱的分布和气候、地势、土壤、植被以及宿主相关。温度和湿度能影响蜱的活动。如全沟硬蜱栖息于低温高湿的针阔混交林区,多聚集在小路两侧的草尖和灌木枝叶的顶端等待宿主的经过,午后</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">12-14</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">时和傍晚</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">18</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">至</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">20</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">时是全沟硬蜱的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">个活动高峰。草原革蜱栖息在干旱的半荒漠草原地带,它攀爬至草茎的顶端等待宿主的到来,在气温最高的中午时分最为活跃。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">软蜱多生活在半荒漠或荒漠地带。乳突钝缘蜱通常栖息在中小型动物的洞穴、岩窟及住房的缝隙中,拉合尔钝缘蜱常栖息于畜舍。软蜱多在夜晚活动。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蜱类的活动范围不大,一般为几十米,但宿主的活动尤其是候鸟的季节性迁移,对蜱类的传播扩散起着重要的作用。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 37px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px;">4</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px;">、蜱的防制</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">)环境防制</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">草原牧区采取轮换放牧制度,使牧场孳生的蜱无法找到合适的宿主;清除疫源地居民区外</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">10-20</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">米范围内的灌木杂草及枯枝等,消除蜱栖息场所;开展灭鼠捕鼠,并堵塞鼠洞,减少蜱的宿主;家禽厩舍应建在远离居民住房的位置,并做好畜舍和畜体的防蜱灭蜱工作。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">)个人防护</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">凡进入草原、林区等有蜱分布地区的人员,有条件时应穿防疫服,无防疫服时,应穿长袜长靴、扎紧袖口裤口和领口,带帽,将上衣下摆塞进裤腰带。暴露的皮肤涂抹驱避剂。通过有蜱地区时不宜停留,离开时互相检查,若发现蜱正在叮吸,应轻摇或用烟头烫烤蜱虫使之自然脱落,或者用乙醚、酒精麻醉后取下,切勿试图直接拔出。需要在野外建宿营地的,应选择干燥、向阳、鼠类活动少的高坡地。野外作业人员还可用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">0.1%</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">氯菊酯喷衣领、袖口和裤口。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">)化学防制</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 40px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">在自然界,蜱的主要活动场所是森林、山地、草原和灌木丛,因开发、筑路、架桥需要,可在工程队伍进场前对施工区及其周围喷洒对蜱类有杀灭作用的杀虫剂,如马拉硫磷、倍硫磷、杀螟松、毒死蜱等。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">室内蜱的防制,首先应控制蜱的来源,例如禽畜的窝舍应远离人居,墙面缝隙应抹平,同时要保持整洁干净。禽畜的窝舍可以采用杀虫剂处理,常用的有残杀威、马拉硫磷、地亚农、西维因等。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">畜体蜱的防制,可采用高效低毒的杀虫剂,处理时间应根据防制对象的发生季节而定,一般于蜱开始活动的春季进行,杀虫剂品种主要有敌百虫、马拉硫磷、地亚农、西维因等。对畜群,可用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">0.2%</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">敌百虫或</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">0.1%</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">马拉硫磷进行药浴。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/139.html#" class="bds_more" data-cmd="more" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/139.html#" class="bds_weixin" data-cmd="weixin" title="分享到微信" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/139.html#" class="bds_tsina" data-cmd="tsina" title="分享到新浪微博" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/139.html#" class="bds_qzone" data-cmd="qzone" title="分享到QQ空间" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/139.html#" class="bds_sqq" data-cmd="sqq" title="分享到QQ好友" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a></p><ul class="pagerele list-paddingleft-2" style="padding: 10px 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; border-top: 1px solid rgb(226, 226, 226); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal;"></ul><p><br/></p>
臭虫
其它害虫
市场价:
0.00
价格:
0.00
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">臭虫,又称床虱、木虱,昆虫纲,半翅目,臭虫科,臭虫属。在人居室内繁殖,嗜吸人血。全世界已报道的臭虫共有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">70</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">多种,仅温带臭虫与热带臭虫与人类密切相关,其余种类大多寄生于禽类、蝙蝠和其他动物。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 30px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 20px; line-height: 30px;">一、形态特点</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">成虫体长</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">5</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">㎜</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">,</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">宽约</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3 mm</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">,背腹扁平,卵圆形,红棕色,遍体有毛。体分头、胸、腹</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">部分,头部两侧有突出的复眼</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">l</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">对,触角</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">节能弯曲,喙分</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">节,内含刺吸式口器,喙平时藏于头下沟内,吸血时从头部前下端伸出。胸部由</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">节组成,前胸发达,前胸背板前缘有不同程度凹陷,侧缘略圆,后缘平直或略向内凹,前胸背板形状是鉴别两种臭虫的依据;中胸背板小,呈三角形,其上面附有一对翅基;后胸较中胸稍大,但大部分被翅基覆盖。足</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">对,第</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">足间有臭腺开口,分泌液臭味难闻,有御敌和促进交配的作用,故名臭虫。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> <img title="1582903732173270.jpg" alt="臭虫.jpg" src="https://www.gdkejian.com/Uploads/image/20200228/1582903732173270.jpg" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;"/></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">图</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">1 </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">温带臭虫成虫</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">温带臭虫在全世界都有分布,在我国也广泛分布于东北、西北、华北和长江以南的一些地区;热带臭虫在我国主要分布在南方诸省(北至湖南衡阳、贵州遵义、四川成都一线)。两种臭虫形态相近,其主要区别在于前胸背板的形态:温带臭虫的前胸背板较宽,中间显著隆起,前缘凹入较深,两侧角向前突出遮挡部分复眼;热带臭虫前胸背板较窄,前缘凹入较浅,两侧角向前突出但不遮挡复眼。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 30px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 20px;">二、生活史</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">臭虫属不完全变态昆虫。生活史分为分卵、若虫和成虫</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">个时期。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">成虫吸血后产卵于孳生栖息场所,以人的卧室为多。卵椭圆形,长约</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1mm</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">,常</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3-6</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">个聚集在一起,初期为乳白色,随后变黄,常粘附于寝具、缝隙或粗糙表面。卵在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">18</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">~</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">25</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">℃条件下一周可孵出若虫,若虫外部形态与成虫相似,但不具翅基,个体较小且表皮薄嫩,体色较浅。若虫经</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">5</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">次蜕皮羽化为成虫,从卵发育为成虫需时约一个半月或稍长。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">臭虫繁殖力强,一年约可繁殖</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">5</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">代,繁殖代数视血食、温度和湿度的情况而定。成虫寿命</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">年至</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">年半。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 30px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 20px; line-height: 30px;">三、生态习性</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 37px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px; font-family: 宋体;">1</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px;">、生活习性</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">臭虫具有群居习性,常常在隐秘的位置聚集栖息。臭虫怕光,多在夜间活动吸血,行动敏捷机警,在吸血时如人体稍有移动,即立即停止吸血而隐藏起来,爬行速度比较快,每分钟可移动</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2 m</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">吸血后常栖息在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">人居室内,尤其喜于寄生在木质床铺、床靠背、被褥、草席、蚊帐角落、枕头、桌椅、墙壁缝隙、糊墙纸后。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">气温是影响臭虫季节消长变化的主要因素,生长发育最适宜温度为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">8</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">33</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">℃,</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">相对湿度为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">55%-60%</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">炎热夏天,尤其在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">8</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">月是臭虫繁殖高峰期,寒冷的冬季活动停止或减少。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">其扩散多数随着家具、被褥或行李搬迁所致,因此臭虫广泛地分布在家庭、宿舍、酒店、电影院、候车室和各种交通工具如火车、汽车、轮船等场所。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 37px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px; font-family: 宋体;">2</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28.5px;">、吸血习性</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">臭虫的成若虫皆吸血,且嗜吸人血,成虫必须吸血才能产卵,吸血量可超过自身体重的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">倍,若血源不足也吸动物血液。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">臭虫的吸血高峰时间段在人就寝后</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">小时和拂晓前一段时间。成虫每次吸血时间持续</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">10-15</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">分钟。臭虫吸血时并不趴在人的皮肤上,而是停在紧贴皮肤的被褥、衣服或家具上,叮刺时将涎液注入皮内,这种涎液使得局部出现红肿丘疹,使人瘙痒难忍,挠破皮肤可造成继发性感染。臭虫长期被怀疑有传播疾病的可能,虽然用实验方法可使臭虫感染多种病原,但至今尚未能证实在自然条件下臭虫能够传播疾病。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">臭虫耐饥力强,成虫通常可耐饥饿</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">6-7</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">个月,甚至长达一年,若虫也可耐饿</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">0</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">70</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">天。臭虫吸血后排出的血粪污染床铺、衣被、家具,留下暗褐色的污迹是判断臭虫是否存在的依据。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 30px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 20px; line-height: 30px;">四、防制</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">灭臭虫一定要遵循全面、彻底、同步、多手段反复杀灭的原则。治理感染臭虫的整栋楼宇时,各楼层和各个房间必须集体统一行动,同一房间内的被帐、床席、床铺、桌椅等的检查和处理也必须同时进行,唯有如此才能取得良好的效果,减少复发。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、环境防制</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">)</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">搞好室内清洁卫生。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">)重视个人卫生,勤换洗被褥、蚊帐、枕套。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">)涂抹墙缝,堵塞床架、床板、家具、踢脚线的孔洞和缝隙。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">)将床和墙壁、沙发等物件保持一定距离,给床套上一张床罩,可以在一定程度上阻绝臭虫的蔓延。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、物理防制</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">)人工捕捉。可采用敲击床架、床板、草席、家具等方法,震落臭虫并捕杀;或用铁丝挑出缝隙、孔洞内的臭虫后予以消灭。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">)物理拦截。用凡士林涂抹所有床脚或者使用臭虫拦截器,可以起到监测和阻止臭虫蔓延的作用。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">)沸水浇烫。受臭虫侵染的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">床上用具可用沸水浸泡;家具、床板、床架可搬至户外用沸水反复浇烫。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">)阳光暴晒。小件的被感染物品,可用塑料袋密封,在阳光下暴晒数日可以达到杀虫效果。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">(</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">5</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">)蒸汽处理。以床为中心,对所有臭虫聚集位置进行检查,采用蒸汽发生器对臭虫卵、若虫和成虫进行高温处理。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、化学防制</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">化学防制是大面积防制臭虫最直接和有效的手段。采用化学防制方法时,应首先对臭虫的侵害情况进行仔细地检查,重点对臭虫的藏匿场所进行处理;施药方式以滞留喷洒和涂刷为主;臭虫侵害区域应统一行动;单次化学药剂处理往往无法彻底消灭臭虫,常需要间隔</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1-2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">周重复处理</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2-3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">次。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">目前在我国取得登记的化学药物主要有:溴氰菊酯可湿性粉剂和悬浮剂、高效氟氯氰菊酯·吡虫啉悬浮剂、倍硫磷水乳剂、右旋苯醚氰菊酯·残杀威乳油,以及各类以拟除虫菊酯为有效成分的气雾剂。</span></p><p><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/137.html#" class="bds_more" data-cmd="more" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/137.html#" class="bds_weixin" data-cmd="weixin" title="分享到微信" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/137.html#" class="bds_tsina" data-cmd="tsina" title="分享到新浪微博" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/137.html#" class="bds_qzone" data-cmd="qzone" title="分享到QQ空间" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/137.html#" class="bds_sqq" data-cmd="sqq" title="分享到QQ好友" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a></p><ul class="pagerele list-paddingleft-2" style="padding: 10px 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; border-top: 1px solid rgb(226, 226, 226); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal;"></ul><p><br/></p>
蠓
其它害虫
市场价:
0.00
价格:
0.00
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蠓俗称为“小咬”、“墨蚊”,隶属双翅目细角亚目蠓科,是双翅目中最小的吸血昆虫。全世界已记录</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">130</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">余属</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">6000</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">余种,我国目前记录超过</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1000</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">种,其中有不少吸食人类和其他高等温血动物的血液。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">与人畜关系密切的吸血蠓类有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">个属,即细蠓亚科的细蠓属、铗蠓亚科的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蠛蠓属、蠓亚科的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">库蠓属。细蠓亚科翅脉不发达,雌虫触角</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">12-13</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">节,尾叶尖长似柳叶;铗蠓亚科具有爪间突,翅面多大毛;蠓亚科无上述特征,翅面常有明暗斑纹。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蠓吸血时不痛不痒,常常成群结伙地攻击人畜。人被叮咬后不仅会引起皮肤红肿和奇痒,若抓破皮肤,严重时还会造成感染。有些敏感个体还会引起过敏反应。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">据调查,在多种吸血蠓体中检出</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">30</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">多种病毒和寄生虫病原体,对人类的健康有很大威协。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px;">一、形态特点 </span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蠓体形很小,长约</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">㎜</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">,雌蠓短茁,雄蠓瘦长,多呈黑色或深褐色。成虫体分头、胸、腹</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">部分,头部近球形,有呈肾形的复眼</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对,触角</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">对,刺吸式口器。胸部略隆起,中胸翅</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对,呈卵形,常有明、暗斑和细毛,斑的大小、数量、颜色、位置可作分类依据。足</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对,细长,具有粗短不一的细毛。腹部</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">10</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">节,自第</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">7</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">节后渐特化为外生殖器。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-align: center; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;"> <img width="443" height="342" title="1582956457682816.jpg" alt="蠓.jpg" src="https://www.gdkejian.com/Uploads/image/20200229/1582956457682816.jpg" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;"/></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体;"> </span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体;"> </span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px;">二、生活史</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蠓是全变态昆虫。生活史包括卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个阶段。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">卵细小,初产时粉红或黄、白色,往后颜色逐渐变深。蠛蠓卵产在松湿的土壤,大多数种类的蠓卵产于水体。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">幼虫细长,蠕虫状,共</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个龄期。蠓的幼虫生活在水和土壤淤泥中,摄食微生物、原生物或其他腐败有机物质。成熟幼虫长约</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">5</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">6</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">㎜</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">,头部深褐色,其他体节淡黄色,各节有短毛。各种蠓在不同的温度、季节和纬度,其幼虫长短差距较为显著,夏季幼虫期一般为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1-6</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">周。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蛹分为头、胸、腹</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">部分,淡黄色,羽化前为深褐色或黑色,不活动。夏季蛹期一般为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">3-4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">天,越冬蛹的蛹期可长达数月。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">羽化成虫后,群舞交配吸血产卵,生活史周期与温度密切相关,在夏季通常为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个月。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px;">三、生态习性</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、孳生习性</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">就蠓科而言,其对孳生场所的选择并不十分严格,形式多种多样,分布比较广泛,凡经常保持湿润的土壤都可成为蠓的孳生地。对吸血蠓的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个属来说,各个属有所不同。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蠛蠓属:幼虫具有典型的陆生型特点,其孳生场所为荫蔽的湿润疏松的土壤。林缘地带的覆荫处,地表有矮小草本植物的疏松湿润土层、果园、菜地、建筑物阴面墙角和生长苔藓的土壤,都是蠛蠓的孳生地。蠛蠓幼虫在地表湿土层内活动,深度可达</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">6cm</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以下。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">库蠓属:库蠓幼虫多数属于水生型或半水生型,其幼虫因种而已可以孳生在各种水体、水质中。如霍氏库蚊一般孳生在有落叶浸渍的石穴或树穴水体中;日本库蚊幼虫则主要在稻田和水沟边缘的稀泥中活动,有时也会游入水中。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">细蠓属:属于半水生型,其幼虫孳生于湿润的砂质土壤、地下水位较高的荒漠和干旱地区。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">总之,水分是蠓幼虫孳生的重要因素,如果环境干燥,幼虫会由于无法耐受而很快死亡。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">2</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、成蠓习性</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">吸血蠓的雌蠓必须吸血才能使其孕卵正常发育,雄蠓并不吸血,常以花蜜、植物液汁为食。雌蠓吸食宿主血液的范围很广,但不同种类对宿主血液的选择有一定的倾向性。有的喜欢吸人血,有的爱吸鸟禽血液,有的爱吸家畜动物的血液。如我国南方的蠛蠓和某些库蠓以及四川的郧县细蠓,既刺吸人血,也吸食牛马血液。明斑库蠓是山东近海岛屿上叮人的主要吸血蠓种,它在东北林区却喜欢吸食禽类血液,少见叮人。北域细蠓不但吸人、牛、马、骆驼的血,饥饿时甚至还吸小型啮齿动物的血。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">吸血蠓在温度、光照适宜、无风的条件下,常常成批成群地飞出活动、吸血、袭击人畜。细蠓和蠛蠓在白天进行叮刺吸血</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">,</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">如郧县细蠓从早上七时至傍晚六时均有活动</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">,</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">下午四时为其吸血高峰时段</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">,</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">台湾蠛蠓吸血时间是从日出后</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">小时至日落前</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">小时</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">,</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">其叮刺高峰在全天温度较高光照较强且湿度较低的时候。库蠓的大部分种类是在晨、昏时吸血,多数种类兼吸人畜血液</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">,</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">多数种类具有趋光性。吸血蠓一旦开始刺叮吸血,一般要持续</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">3-5</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">分钟,蠛蠓开始刺叮吸血时即使有轻微的干扰它也不予理会。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">大多数吸血蠓是仅在孳生地为中心的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">300</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">米半径范围内活动。郧县细蠓可飞到距离孳生地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1.5</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">公里以外的地方吸血。多数蠓在距地面数十公分至</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">2.5</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">米的空中群舞配对,受精后的雌蠓多栖息在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">河湖边和沼泽地一类潮湿的地方,或</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">低矮植物丛中,如树丛、竹林、草丛、洞穴的避风和避光处,当供血宿主接近栖息位置时,雌蠓便开始刺叮吸血。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蠓的季节消长因地区、种类而不同。我国南方气温高,炎热多雨,全年都有吸血蠓的活动</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">,</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">许多蠓仅是在雨季和旱季的种群数量有所差别而已。雨量和温度是影响蠓类种群数量的主要因素。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px;">四、防制</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">蠓的种类多,数量大,孳生环境多种多样,孳生范围十分广泛。因此</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">,</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">蠓的防制需要结合实际情况和蠓的生态习性,采用孳生环境治理为本、因地制宜的防制措施才能奏效。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、环境治理</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">清除居住区、工场和人群经常活动场所周围的低矮杂草,枯枝烂叶和腐败植物,尽量暴露地面的土壤,通风透气,阳光照晒,保持干燥。对水生型和半水生型孳生地应填平洼地,疏通引流,排除积水,树洞、竹筒、石穴用水泥或泥土填平,竹筒可作“</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">+</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">”劈开排除积水。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">2</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、化学防制</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">对人居环境、工作场所周围的沟渠、绿化灌丛下方的孳生场所可喷洒杀幼剂,如马拉硫磷、倍硫磷、毒死蜱和溴氰菊酯等。喷洒杀幼剂时应选择在黄昏或小雨前进行,借露水雨水把药液带入到土层中,可取得较好的效果。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">成虫密度高峰季节可用菊酯类或有机磷类杀虫剂对成蠓栖息场所作超低容量喷洒或烟雾喷洒。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">由于蠓的体型细小,常规的防蚊纱门、纱窗可能对蠓不具防护作用。当有蠓入室骚扰时,应使用较密的细纱,或对纱门、纱窗进行滞留喷洒,也可采用溴氰菊酯,氯菊酯等拟除菊酯类杀虫剂浸泡蚊帐、门帘、窗帘等。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">3</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、个人防护</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">进入吸血蠓活动的场所前,可在裸露的皮肤如脸、手、脚、颈部等处涂抹驱避剂如避蚊胺、驱蚊油、驱蚊灵、蚊怕水等防蠓叮咬;野外作业者可戴防护罩或防蠓头网。被蠓叮咬后局部可涂抹止痒剂。有全身症状时应到医院治疗。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 62px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 24px; color: red;"> </span></p><p><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/142.html#" class="bds_more" data-cmd="more" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/142.html#" class="bds_weixin" data-cmd="weixin" title="分享到微信" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/142.html#" class="bds_tsina" data-cmd="tsina" title="分享到新浪微博" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/142.html#" class="bds_qzone" data-cmd="qzone" title="分享到QQ空间" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a><a href="https://www.gdkejian.com/index.php/photo/index/id/142.html#" class="bds_sqq" data-cmd="sqq" title="分享到QQ好友" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(18, 167, 237); text-decoration-line: underline; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></a></p><ul class="pagerele list-paddingleft-2" style="padding: 10px 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; border-top: 1px solid rgb(226, 226, 226); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal;"></ul><p><br/></p>
隐翅虫
其它害虫
市场价:
0.00
价格:
0.00
<p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">隐翅虫没有毒腺体,虫子在人皮肤上停留并不会引起皮炎。隐翅虫皮炎是由毒隐翅虫体液中的毒素与人体皮肤接触引起。毒隐翅虫的毒素为为强酸性物质,各个虫态都存在毒素,成虫的毒素主要存在于体液当中。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">隐翅虫体液感染人体皮肤的途径有三个:一是直接感染,即虫体被揉碎在皮肤上;二是间接感染,即手指先接触虫体的碎片,再去触摸其它部位导致的感染;三是虫子隐藏在衣物、洗脸毛巾中,使用时把虫体搓烂使毒液沾污在上面,接触皮肤后导致感染。直接接触虫体体液是引起隐翅虫皮炎的主要途径。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 20px; line-height: 30px;">一、形态特点</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">隐翅虫体细长,两侧平行,虫体长约</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">6-8mm</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">,全身被覆短毛;头、翅和腹尾呈黑色,前胸、腹部橘黄色;鞘翅很短,长约等于宽,大部分腹节外露,乍看好象没有翅膀,故名</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">“</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">隐翅虫</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; background: white; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 17px;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-align: center;"><img title="1582956195916935.jpg" alt="隐翅虫.jpg" src="https://www.gdkejian.com/Uploads/image/20200229/1582956195916935.jpg" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;"/></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-align: center;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">黄足毒隐翅虫(</span><em style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Paederus fuscipes</span></em> <span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 21px;">Curtis</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"> </span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 20px; line-height: 30px;">二、生活史和生活习性</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">隐翅虫全变态,幼虫蛃型,裸蛹,附肢被分泌物黏附于身体上。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">隐翅虫以腐败的昆虫、粪便、花粉、腐烂的果实为食,有的种类还会捕食农业害虫。进入室内的毒隐翅虫能耐饥数日。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">隐翅虫的成虫最早可见于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">月下旬,</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">4-6</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">月种群密度较低,</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">7</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">月起虫口密度快速增长,</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">8-10</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">月份为高峰期,此后缓慢下降,以成虫越冬。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">隐翅虫昼伏夜出,白天常栖息在潮湿的地方,如林间或森林地表枯枝落叶层、腐烂树木、腐烂的水果、粪便、腐肉、水沟、杂草丛、水稻、玉米等作物田中。隐翅虫爬行速度很快,虽翅短但也能飞行。夜间活跃,受灯光吸引,常在光亮处活动,尤以日光灯为甚。阴霾无雨闷热天气活动加剧。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 20px; line-height: 30px;">三、防制</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、清理房屋四周的杂草、朽木、垃圾,清除毒隐翅虫的栖息地和孳生场所。不要在室内堆放废旧物品,保持室内清洁、整齐,使侵入室内的毒隐翅虫无隐藏之处。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、盛夏时节,避免在室外灯光下长时间纳凉玩耍。避免开窗开灯睡觉,以免吸引隐翅虫飞入室内。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、减少人体接触该虫的机会。如:安装纱门、纱窗,阻止毒隐翅虫飞入室内;使用蚊帐或尽量减少身体的暴露。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、用拟除虫菊酯类药物对室内和周围环境进行滞留喷洒,能有效杀灭室内外毒隐翅虫。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 20px; line-height: 30px;">四、隐翅虫皮炎的预防和治疗</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体;"> </span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、发现有毒隐翅虫在身上爬行时,不要用手拍打、揉搓,轻轻吹掉或用其它东西把虫子拨掉。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、接触毒隐翅虫后,及时用肥皂水冲洗,以减小对皮肤的伤害。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、外用药物可选用呋喃西林、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">0.1%</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">雷夫努尔、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">3%</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">硼酸水、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">1/3000</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">高锰酸钾溶液湿敷,或涂抹肤氢松、皮炎平软膏,必要时可内服抗组胺类药物。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">、出现疱疹后,镇静止痒,采用消炎收敛类药物减轻刺激感。病情严重时应去医院就诊。</span></p><p><br/></p>
蛾蠓
其它害虫
市场价:
0.00
价格:
0.00
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不知道你是否留意过,在卫生间的墙壁上,有时趴着一些毛茸茸的小飞虫。对了,就是这个家伙,它就是蛾蠓。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">形态特性和生活习性</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">蛾蠓是昆虫纲双翅目长角亚目蛾蠓科蛾蠓亚科的一类昆虫,人送外号扑腾蛾。蛾蠓有很多种,蛾蠓成虫多为数灰黑色,有翅,整体呈圆形,全身多毛。体长约</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 2.5mm</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">,体宽约</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">1.5mm</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">,翅展近</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">6 mm</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">,最小的蛾蠓翅展小于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">2mm</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">蛾蠓主要孳生在含有腐败有机质的浅水域,污水池、厕所、浴室洗脸台、地板积水、厨房的水槽、潮湿的抹布等都能培养出大量的蛾蠓。此外室外的淤积排水沟、化粪池和一些有机质较高的积水容器中,也能发现蛾蠓幼虫的踪迹。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">幼虫羽化后,蛾蠓成虫通过下水道经地漏、洗手盆和洗菜盆的下水口等处进入卫生间、厨房等位置,其飞行能力很弱,多附着于墙壁,有时也停留在毛巾、衣物上。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">蛾蠓体表可携带多种病原微生物,有污染食物和传播肠道传染病的可能,如</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">痢疾、肠炎</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">等;蛾蠓还对环境产生污染,主要是视觉污染,以及墙壁上蛾蠓尸斑的污染。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">、防制方法</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">定期清理管道内壁的污垢,是彻底根治蛾蠓的最有效的方法。可以选择采用硬度合适的毛刷,对排水管内壁进行清理;也可以经常用开水对管道进行冲洗;又或者直接更换家中排水的软管(褶皱多,易藏污纳垢)。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 29px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">如果成虫太多,可以采用常用的家庭杀虫气雾剂进行喷雾处理。</span></p><p><br/></p>
蚤
其它害虫
市场价:
0.00
价格:
0.00
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 40px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">一、形态特点</strong></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">蚤,俗称跳蚤,属昆虫纲蚤目。蚤的种类很多,全世界目前报导的蚤约有2500多种和亚种。我国目前记录蚤约650种和亚种,其中与人类关系密切的有印鼠客蚤、人蚤、猫栉首蚤、方形黄鼠蚤等。蚤是鼠疫、鼠源性斑疹伤寒等多种疾病的传播媒介,严重危害人体健康和生命安全。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-align: center; text-indent: 29px;"><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">蚤体形小,长约3mm,体分头、胸、腹3部分,呈棕黄色至棕褐色,无翅,左右两侧扁。体壁光滑坚硬,全身多刺,向后倒生,称为鬃。有些种类的颊部和胸背部有粗壮的刺,称为“栉”。刺吸式口器,触角1对,足3对,粗壮发达,无翅。腹部分节,后端变形节,节背面有臀板,臀板前后有刺,其数目、位置、排列及雌性第7节内生殖器受精囊的形状具有分类的意义。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">蚤的消化道是一条从口到肛门的管状器官,分为前胃、中肠和后肠3部分。前胃结构与传播鼠疫密切相关。前胃肌肉发达,内壁着生成列的胃刺(又称胃棘),伸向胃腔。吸血时有如“泵”的作用吸入血液。当鼠疫杆菌(又称鼠疫耶尔森菌)感染蚤后,很容易在前胃刺间大量繁殖并形成菌栓,阻塞消化道。当栓塞蚤再次吸血时,因血液无法进入中肠,使得带菌的血液倒流回到宿主体内,使得宿主感染鼠疫。蚤消化系统结构(见图<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">1</span></span>)。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-align: center; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;"> <img width="430" height="302" title="1582947238630855.png" alt="image.png" src="https://www.gdkejian.com/Uploads/image/20200229/1582947238630855.png" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;"/></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-align: center; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>图<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">1<span style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></span>蚤消化系统结构图</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-align: center; text-indent: 29px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;">A</span>、消化道结构; B、前胃及中肠前端纵切面<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 宋体;"> C</span>、前胃刺放大</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 37px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px;"><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"/></span></strong></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 37px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px;">二、生活史</span></strong></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">蚤属全变态昆虫,生活史过程包括卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫等4个阶段。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-align: center; text-indent: 32px;"><img width="452" height="412" title="1582948185379614.png" alt="image.png" src="https://www.gdkejian.com/Uploads/image/20200229/1582948185379614.png" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;"/></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-align: center; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">图2 </span>蚤的生活史</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-align: center; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">雌蚤产卵于宿主窝巢、皮毛上,幼虫孳生在鼠洞、畜舍、墙脚、屋角、床下、土坑、地砖缝隙等宿主窝巢或活动场所。卵成熟后孵出幼虫,幼虫呈蛆状,呈乳白色,无足,分头、胸、腹3部分。幼虫很活跃,通常怕光和干燥。在孳生场所摄食成虫血便,皮屑等有机物质,营自由生活。成熟幼虫蜕皮化蛹,蛹不食不动,蛹期约需</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1</span>—<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">2周,长者达1年,由卵发育为成虫约需1个月,雌蚤一生可产卵上百至上千个,寿命约</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1</span>—<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">2年。蛹羽化时需空气震动、压力接触、气温上升等外界因素刺激才能破茧而出,所以,进入久无人员居住的房舍时可能受到大量蚤群的攻击。</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 27px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px;">三、生态习性</span></strong></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">1</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">、宿主关系</span></strong></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">绝大多数种类的蚤寄生在恒温动物体上,对宿主的选择性不强,宿主有多种多样,主要是哺乳动物,如鼠类、犬、猫等,也有些蚤的宿主是鸟类。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">2</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">、寄生方式</span></strong></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">根据蚤类依附宿主持久的程度和吸血的频率,通常分为游离型、半固定型、固定型3种类型。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">(1)游离型:又可分巢蚤和毛蚤两个亚型。前者栖息于洞巢内的时间较久,只有待宿主回巢穴时才能得到血食,吸血间隔较长,耐饥能力较强,如新蚤属、栉眼蚤属;毛蚤停留在宿主体上时间较长,吸血间隔较短,耐饥力弱,如客蚤属和黄鼠蚤属。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">(2)半固定型:雌蚤口器可较长时间地(1-2周)固定在宿主皮下吸血,雄蚤仍保持游离生活。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">(3</span>)固定型:雌蚤整体钻入皮下营永久性的寄生生活,皮上仅留一小孔,借以呼吸、排粪和产卵,雄蚤则营游离生活。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">蚤的一生对温度十分敏感,当宿主体温上升或下降或死亡后会立即离开,寻找新宿主。同时由于蚤的卵没有黏性,常掉落或孳生在宿主的巢穴中,因此,在人们生活环境中的家鼠出没处、饲养狗、猫场所的周边屋角、墙缝、床下、土炕等均可孳生。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">3</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">、</strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">吸血习性</strong></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">蚤类雌雄均能吸血。其吸血频率、每次吸血的时间和血量因种类、性别、气温、宿主等因素而不同。毛蚤的吸血频率比巢蚤高,雌蚤较雄蚤高,在自然条件下每日至少吸血2-3次。当蚤携带鼠疫杆菌时,菌栓形成前胃阻堵,吸入的血液不能入胃而产生饥饿,吸血次数增多,增加传播疾病的机会。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-align: center; text-indent: 29px;"><img title="1582948326540325.png" alt="image.png" src="https://www.gdkejian.com/Uploads/image/20200229/1582948326540325.png" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;"/><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-align: center; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">图3 </span>正在吸血的跳蚤</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><br style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">4</span></strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">、</strong><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">蚤类的活动与散布</strong></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">成蚤的跳跃能力很强,如人蚤的跳跃可远至33 cm</span>,高至<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">18 cm,是其自身体长的10</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">0-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">200倍。其本身的活动范围比较小,但可随交通工具的携带和货物的运输被运至很远的地方,如印鼠客蚤,它起源于印度,随着鼠类宿主而散布到全世界。</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px;">四、调查</span></strong></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">蚤类密度调查常用的有鼠体蚤指数、游离蚤指数和粘蚤率。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">鼠体蚤指数:傍晚将鼠笼布放在鼠类活动场所,晨收后将捕获的鼠麻醉,用梳子反复寻找蚤体,并用湿毛笔粘附置酒精瓶内,捕完为止。计算捕获的蚤数。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">鼠体蚤指数(只</span>/<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">鼠)=捕获蚤总数÷检查鼠体数</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">游离蚤指数:在</span>1<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">5</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">㎡</span>室内,用<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">5</span>张粘<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">蚤纸分别布放在房子的4个角和中央,傍晚布放,翌晨回收。计算粘蚤纸上粘获的蚤数。</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">游离蚤指数(只</span>/<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">张)= </span>粘捕蚤总<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">数÷粘蚤纸张数。</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">粘蚤率 =(带蚤的粘蚤纸张数 / 粘蚤纸张数)×100%</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px;">五、防制</span></strong></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">蚤类防制应遵循以环境防制为主,以物理防制、化学防制等预防控制方法为辅的综合防制原则。在鼠疫疫区,灭蚤应和灭鼠工作相结合,并按照灭蚤-灭鼠-灭蚤的程序进行。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">1、环境防制</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">垃圾桶加盖,垃圾日产日清,建造密闭式垃圾房,以减少垃圾对流浪猫、狗的吸引。保持个体清洁和房舍卫生,定期清扫垃圾和尘埃,清除卫生死角,填平凹陷、填抹裂缝,保证地表光洁,室内不宜堆放杂物。定期清洗猫、犬等宠物之窝巢,宠物寝具和铺垫物应定期清洗、煮烫、曝晒或更换,更换下来的宠物铺垫物应进行妥善处理。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">2、物理防制</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">使用真空吸尘器清洁室内环境,特别是蚤类的繁殖地和栖息地。真空吸尘器使用前应以药物喷洒处理集尘袋,吸尘处理后,应立即将集尘袋密封,并妥善处理。室内蚤类密度较高时,可对地毯、垫子以及宠物寝具和铺垫物等进行高温处理。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">3、化学防制</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">室内灭蚤,应对地面进行全面药物处</span>理<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">,重点处理蚤类的繁殖地和栖息地。如猫、犬寝具和铺垫物、墙脚、屋角、床底、地板缝隙、家具的背后和底部等部位。剂型以可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂、微胶囊等为宜,药物可选用用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂(如溴氰菊酯、顺式氯氰菊酯等)以及呋虫胺等。</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">室外灭蚤同样以处理蚤类的繁殖地和栖息地为重点,主要是猫、狗常逗留的位置、畜舍、鼠洞。药物可选用拟除虫菊酯类、有机磷类(敌敌畏、马拉硫磷等)、氨基甲酸酯类(残杀威)进行滞留喷洒处理,或撒施粉剂。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">宠物和畜体感染可用氯菊酯粉剂涂抹或药浴处理。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><strong style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 19px;">六、密度控制水平</span></strong></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">在实施灭蚤措施</span>6<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">~8周后应开展灭蚤效果评估,组织实施蚤类防制的单位应对防制区域内的蚤类密度进行调查,比对实施防制措施前的蚤类密度,评价防制效果。</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">、城镇</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">一般将城镇蚤密度控制水平定为A、B、C三级,其中,</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">C</span>级为蚤密度控制的容许水平。只有所有指标同时符合某一级别水平的要求时,方可视为达到了相应的级别水平,否则将按“就低不就高”的原则计算。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">鼠体蚤指数分为以下等级:</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">A</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">级:</span>鼠体蚤指数<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;"><0.2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">;</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">B</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">级:</span>鼠体蚤指数<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;"><0.5</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">;</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">C</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">级:</span>鼠体蚤指数<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;"><1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">。</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">游离蚤指数和粘蚤率分为以下等级:</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">A</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">级:</span>游离蚤指数<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;"><0.05</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">,粘蚤率</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;"><1%</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">;</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">B</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">级:</span>游离蚤指数<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;"><0.1</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">,粘蚤率</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;"><3%</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">;</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">C</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">级:</span>游离蚤指数<span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;"><0.2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">,粘蚤率</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;"><5%</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;">。</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">2</span>、单位</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 31px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">对一个单独的单位进行蚤密度控制水平评价时,合格标准应符合以下要求:</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">鼠体蚤指数<0.2;游离蚤指数<0.05,粘蚤率<1%。</span></p><p><br/></p>
书虱
其它害虫
市场价:
0.00
价格:
0.00
<p><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">书虱( booklice)</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; zoom: 1;">又名米虱,是属于啮虫目的微小昆虫,由于其食性复杂及栖息场地多样化一在一些国家和地区大量发生于粮食仓库及食品加工厂。在储粮昆虫中,它们是最小的,体长约1mm或者更小。处于热带地区的国家,嗜卷书虱、嗜央书虱和耐热书虱是分布最广泛、危害最严重的种类。</span></p>
衣蛾
其它害虫
市场价:
0.00
价格:
0.00
<p><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">衣蛾(Tinea pellionella),</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; zoom: 1;">幼虫是一个小型褐色的毛毛虫,一般藏在丝质的袋状物或网状物(称为筒巢)内,在墙壁上可见到一个黏着</span><a href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5/66778" target="_blank" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(19, 110, 194); transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-indent: 28px; white-space: normal;">水泥</a><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; zoom: 1;">的</span><a href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%BA%BA%E9%94%A4" target="_blank" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(19, 110, 194); transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-indent: 28px; white-space: normal;">纺锤</a><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-indent: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; zoom: 1;">形丝袋,内有一深褐色头的幼虫。成虫为浅黄色的蛾子,惧光。如将其按死,会发出难闻气味。<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-indent: 2em; zoom: 1;">幼虫多存在于衣服存储室,软垫家具缝里。衣蛾体质很弱,飞的不远,限制了其活动范围。特别喜爱纺织品,沾有食物或其它污染,衣领或衣服折叠处也可见到衣蛾的踪迹。(纯棉的衣物较不易受害)</span></span></p>
<
1
>